Law of Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vices
Rulings Related to Women's Hijab, Article Thirteen:
1. Covering the entire body of a woman is mandatory.
2. Covering the face of a woman is necessary to prevent temptation.
3. The voice of women (such as singing, reciting hymns, or reading aloud in gatherings) is considered private.
4. Women's clothing should not be thin, short, or tight.
5. Muslim women are obliged to cover their body and face from non-mahram men.
6. The covering of Muslim and righteous women from non-believing and immoral women is obligatory due to fear of temptation.
7. It is forbidden for adult men to look at the bodies and faces of women, and for adult women to look at men who are not related to them.
8. If an adult woman needs to leave her home for an essential reason, she must cover her voice, face, and body.

Article 13 imposes one of the most comprehensive and restrictive interpretations of hijab found in any legal system, codifying near-total erasure of women from public life. It explicitly renders a woman’s body, face, and even voice as objects of temptation requiring concealment. The ruling extends control not only over attire but also over speech, movement, and social interactions, and treats non-Muslim and "immoral" women as vectors of moral threat. By criminalizing visibility and expression, it enforces a system of gender apartheid and violates Afghanistan’s obligations under international human rights law—including the rights to expression, education, participation, and bodily autonomy.